The return was significant in itself.

After more than a century in institutional custody, objects taken from Sitting Bull’s body were back with the people they belonged to.

The question of what to do with them — and specifically what the family’s relationship to science and scientific study would be — then became a matter for the family to determine.

How a Hair Can Hold a Century of Information

To understand how the DNA study worked, it is necessary to understand what happens to biological material — specifically hair — over time, and why recovering genetic information from old hair is a genuine scientific challenge.