The Question That Remains

After all of the evidence has been presented, all of the models have been described, and all of the qualifications have been made, what is the honest state of the Population Y question?

It is this: researchers have found a real, statistically significant signal in some South American ancient and modern genomes that indicates excess genetic affinity to Australasian populations.

The signal is not large — it is a faint statistical pattern, not a dominant ancestry component.