The institutions that preserved and promoted the Lewis and Clark record were substantial.

The institutions that preserved and promoted the Astorian record were more modest.

The Hunt Expedition’s Failures As Context

Wilson Price Hunt’s management of the overland expedition of 1811-1812 deserves more extended treatment as context for Marie’s experience, because the failures of the expedition’s leadership made Marie’s individual survival capacities more important, not less.

Hunt had access to the advice of several experienced fur-trade men who knew the country and the conditions.

He did not consistently follow that advice.