The contributions of Indigenous women to that enterprise were, in their view, context rather than subject matter.

Washington Irving’s “Astoria” is the most widely read narrative of the Astorian enterprise.

It was published in 1836, drew on interviews with Astorian participants and on the available journals and records, and was written in Irving’s characteristically lively popular style.

It mentions Marie Dorion.

It does not give her survival journey the attention that a comparable achievement by one of the male Astorian participants would have received.

This is not Irving’s personal failure.