Children are more vulnerable to cold than adults.

They lose heat more rapidly in relation to their body mass, and they are less capable of generating heat through physical activity.

Managing children’s cold exposure in a situation where indoor warming is not available requires specific knowledge of how to layer clothing effectively, how to identify early signs of dangerous cold exposure, and how to use body heat strategically — a warm adult body can serve as a heat source for a child pressed close to it.

Navigation through winter terrain without a trail.