Shanidar Z — The 75,000-Year-Old Neanderthal Woman Whose Crushed Skull Was Rebuilt From More Than 200 Pieces
For Shanidar, the evidence suggests intensive occupation at various times of year, consistent with the cave being a primary base for a community whose movements tracked the seasonal availability of resources in the surrounding landscape.
This picture — of a mobile community with a primary base, ranging across a diverse landscape, tracking seasonal resources — is broadly consistent with how hunter-gatherer societies in similar environments have been documented in historical times.
It is not the picture of primitive nomads wandering aimlessly.
It is the picture of a community with sophisticated knowledge of its environment, organized around that knowledge to maximize access to the resources that sustained life.
The Long Life of the Cave
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