Her brow is heavy, her features broad.

Her expression is neutral in the way that reconstructed faces are neutral, since expression requires muscle and inference.

But the eyes — placed there by the artist according to the best available evidence about Neanderthal anatomy — create the impression of looking.

When people see this image, many of them feel something.

Not the academic curiosity of a researcher reading a technical paper, but something more immediate — a recognition, however partial, of a face that is both deeply familiar and visibly different from any face they have seen before.

That response is itself data, in a way.