It is important to be clear about the limits of what the research has established.

The age estimate of approximately 45,000 years is based on Neanderthal segment length analysis and other genomic evidence, integrated with radiocarbon data.

The error range around this estimate is substantial — perhaps several thousand years in either direction.

Zlatý kůň may be somewhat older or somewhat younger than 45,000 years.

The segment-length analysis provides a relative dating within the known sequence of early modern European genomes; converting this relative position to an absolute date involves assumptions about generation length and mutation rates that carry their own uncertainties.

The inference that her lineage left no modern descendants is based on current comparisons with available modern and ancient genomes.