She Has Been Dead For 45,000 Years. In 2026, Three Different Scientists Gave Her Three Different Faces — And Each One Revealed Something The Others Missed
For Zlatý kůň, the petrous bone provided the material from which the genome was extracted and sequenced.
It is a small but crucial piece of anatomy — hidden inside the skull, built for an entirely different purpose, unknowingly serving as the archive that preserved this woman’s genetic information for 45,000 years.
How the Genome Was Sequenced
The technical process of sequencing an ancient genome is far more complex than sequencing a modern one, and understanding the process illuminates why the results carry the confidence they do — as well as why ancient genome data is typically more fragmentary and carries more uncertainty than modern genome data.
When the Zlatý kůň genome was sequenced, the work involved several stages.
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