STANDING BEAR WAS ARRESTED FOR TRYING TO GO HOME – THEN HIS CASE FORCED A U.S. COURT TO DECIDE IF A NATIVE MAN WAS A “PERSON”

Tribal material connected the land to Ponca history and the route of the forced removal.

That modern return should not be falsely presented as a direct legal consequence of Standing Bear v.

Crook.

It is not.

But the resonance is unmistakable.

The 1879 story began with a nation forced away from land.