The 10,000-Year-Old Man Found In A British Cave — And The DNA Test That Changed What Scientists Thought Early Europeans Looked Like
What The Genome Contains
Before turning to what the analysis found, it is worth explaining what a genome is and what it can tell scientists about appearance and ancestry.
The human genome is the complete set of genetic instructions encoded in the DNA of a cell.
In the nucleus of most human cells, this information is organized into 23 pairs of chromosomes — long molecules of DNA, packaged by proteins, that carry the instructions for building and operating a human body.
The genome contains approximately three billion base pairs of DNA — three billion positions, each occupied by one of four chemical bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine), in sequences that encode the instructions for every aspect of human biology.
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