The 10,600-Year-Old Man Found In Nevada — And The DNA Discovery That Changed The Story Of The First Americans
In the dry air of the cave, the biological processes that break down organic tissue were slowed or stopped entirely.
The result, over thousands of years, was not the preservation of a fresh-looking body — the tissues of the Spirit Cave individual were certainly desiccated and altered — but the retention of material that in a wetter environment would have been entirely consumed.
This desiccation preserved not just the body itself but the materials associated with it.
The tule mats, the rabbit-skin blanket, the moccasins — all of these organic materials survived in conditions where they would normally have decomposed within a few years.
They survived because the cave acted as a natural dehydrator, pulling moisture from everything within it and keeping the environment too dry for the microorganisms that would otherwise have consumed them.