The presence of these animals implies the presence of the plant communities that sustained them, and the plant communities imply a climate with distinct wet and dry seasons but perhaps less intense rainfall than the modern tropical climate of the region.

Water was not a scarce resource in the way it might appear from the surface of a limestone karst landscape — the cenotes provided access to the vast underground water table, and anyone who knew where to find them had reliable access to fresh water even in dry seasons.

Whether Naia and her people knew how to locate cenotes, and whether they used them regularly, is not something the evidence at Hoyo Negro directly addresses.

But the presence of any human being deep inside the cave system strongly suggests some familiarity with the underground landscape — the kind of knowledge that comes from extended experience with the specific environment.