Camels of Ice Age North American species were present.

American lions, larger than their African counterparts today, were active predators.

Dire wolves hunted in packs.

Short-faced bears, among the largest terrestrial mammalian carnivores that ever lived, competed with other predators for prey.

This was the biological richness of the Pleistocene world into which the Clovis people had moved, and which they were exploiting with remarkable effectiveness.

The Clovis people themselves were — and this is a point that requires emphasis and will be returned to repeatedly — the descendants of people who had come from Asia.

Not Europeans.