Both a powerful thrusting lance and an atlatl-propelled dart could potentially deliver this force.

A thrown spear without mechanical assistance would be less efficient, though not impossible if the hunter was close enough and the throw was powerful and well-directed.

The 2011 and 2023 papers are careful not to specify the delivery mechanism.

The evidence establishes that a bone point struck the rib with sufficient force to penetrate the cortex and embed the tip.

The morphology of the reconstructed point does not definitively match the characteristics of one delivery system versus another — bone points were used on both thrusting weapons and projectile systems in various prehistoric contexts.