Sediment eDNA analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for detecting the presence of organisms in archaeological and paleontological contexts where identifiable remains may not survive.

If human DNA is present in the Paisley sediment matrix from periods not yet characterized by coprolite analysis, sediment eDNA might detect it.

Expanded analysis of the existing coprolite collection — applying the fecal lipid biomarker method to more specimens than were included in the 2020 Sistiaga paper — could extend the characterization of human versus non-human coprolites across more of the assemblage, providing a more complete picture of the periods during which humans were specifically present at the site.

Isotopic analysis of the coprolites — measuring the ratios of stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements in the organic material — could contribute to understanding the specific plant and animal foods consumed, with different dietary components producing different isotopic signatures in the consumer’s tissues.