It is not proof of everything that the most enthusiastic early accounts claimed, and it should not be presented that way.

It does not tell us exactly when the first Americans entered the hemisphere.

It does not tell us how many founding populations there were or exactly what routes they used.

It does not tell us the specific cultural or social identities of the pre-Clovis people whose traces are preserved in the cave sediment.

What it does, firmly and with considerable supporting detail, is place people in the Far West of North America before the Clovis horizon.

It contributes, alongside the evidence from Monte Verde, Cooper’s Ferry, White Sands, Bluefish Caves, and a growing list of other sites, to a picture of the Americas as a hemisphere that was inhabited before Clovis — by people who were the founders of the same maternal lineages carried by Native American peoples today.