400.

In A.D.

376, one of the most consequential events in late Roman history occurred: large numbers of Gothic peoples — specifically the Thervingi and related groups — were permitted to cross the Danube into Roman territory as refugees, fleeing from the pressure of the Huns advancing from the east.

The decision to allow this crossing was not inherently disastrous.

Rome had absorbed barbarian groups before, settling them as foederati — federated troops who fought for Rome in exchange for land and payment.

But the specific circumstances of the A.D.