Blackened walls indicate intense heat sustained over enough time to thoroughly discolor and damage the stone or brick of the structure.

This is not the kind of superficial scorching that a brief fire might produce; it suggests a substantial and sustained burn.

Melted glass is a particularly informative indicator of temperature and duration.

Glass melts at relatively high temperatures — roughly 700 to 900 degrees Celsius for ancient glass types, depending on composition.

The presence of melted glass in the debris indicates that the fire reached and sustained temperatures in that range.

This is a hot fire, burning long enough for glass objects to fully liquefy.