MA-1 remains a foundational reference point in all of this work.

The 2014 paper defined the Ancient North Eurasian genetic signal in terms of the MA-1 genome, and all subsequent research that engages with that signal is, in some sense, working in dialogue with the MA-1 result.

The child buried at Mal’ta 24,000 years ago did not choose to be a foundational reference point in modern genetics.

He did not choose to have his genome sequenced.

He did not choose to be relevant to the prehistory of two continents.