In Europe, glaciers covered Scandinavia and Britain.

Global sea levels were approximately 120 to 130 meters lower than today because so much of the world’s water was locked in glacial ice.

The interior of Siberia was not glaciated in the same way as the maritime regions — the continental interior was too dry to accumulate the snowfall that feeds large ice sheets.

Instead, the landscape around Lake Baikal during the Last Glacial Maximum was a cold, windy, treeless steppe-tundra: vast grasslands and sedge marshes swept by winds from the ice to the north and west, punctuated by river valleys and sheltered hollows where vegetation was somewhat more abundant.

This environment supported an extraordinary assemblage of large mammals.