The most discussed interpretation — beyond the generic “noble” or “elite” characterization — is that she may have been a ritual specialist: a shaman, a priestess, or a person who occupied a role at the intersection of social leadership and spiritual practice.

This interpretation is supported by several elements of the burial:

The headdress, which in various Eurasian cultures is associated with shamanic or priestly roles.

The specific height and construction of the Ice Maiden’s headdress has parallels in representations of shamanic headgear from the steppe world.

The cannabis residue found in the tomb.

Herodotus had described the Scythians burning hemp for its psychoactive effects.

The presence of cannabis in the Ice Maiden’s burial is consistent with documented Scythian practice around the use of mind-altering plants in ritual contexts.