The specific tooth type matters: different baby teeth are lost at different ages, and the age of the child who lost a particular tooth can often be estimated from what type it is and the state of its root development.

The analysis of these two teeth suggested they came from children, though the precise ages were not definitively published in the available materials.

Why do milk teeth matter for ancient DNA?

This is worth explaining, because the decision to attempt DNA extraction from these particular objects — rather than seeking larger bone samples — was not arbitrary.

Ancient DNA preservation is primarily a function of temperature, chemistry, and physical protection.

The permafrost conditions at Yana RHS had already demonstrated exceptional organic preservation: ivory, antler, and bone were coming out of the site in good condition.