No agriculture existed anywhere on Earth.

No pottery.

No metal.

No cities, no writing, no organized states.

All human beings, everywhere on the planet, were hunter-gatherers.

The capacity of modern humans to alter their environments was small compared to what it would become.

The extinctions of the Pleistocene megafauna had barely begun.

The landscape of every continent was dominated by the ecological communities of the Ice Age, with their enormous herbivores and their specialized predators.