The 31,000-Year-Old Children’s Teeth Found Above The Arctic Circle — And The DNA Test That Revealed A Lost Ice Age Population Connected To Native American Origins
The Mammoth Steppe was not a steppe in the way we might picture a Central Asian grassland.
It was a cold, dry, highly productive grassland-tundra ecosystem that extended across vast areas of northern Eurasia and into Beringia — the land bridge connecting Siberia to Alaska — during the Pleistocene.
The dominant vegetation was grasses, sedges, and herbs — not trees.
Trees require sufficient warmth and moisture that the glacial north could not provide.
But the grassland was rich.
It supported enormous biomass.
Enormous in the literal sense: the animals that grazed it were some of the largest that have ever walked the Earth.