The study included the genome of a 10,000-year-old individual from the Kolyma River — another major river of northeastern Siberia, flowing north to the Arctic Ocean east of the Yana — designated Kolyma1 in the study’s notation.

The Kolyma1 individual lived more than 20,000 years after the Yana children, in the early Holocene rather than the deep Pleistocene.

When Kolyma1’s genome was analyzed, it showed a combination of ancestries.

One component of Kolyma1’s genetic heritage traced back to East Asian-related populations — the same broad source population that contributed the ancestry of most northeastern Siberian populations through the Holocene.

But another component showed a connection to the Ancient North Siberian lineage — a residual signature of the ancient population represented at Yana, diluted by subsequent mixing with East Asian-related groups over the intervening millennia.