The 4,500-Year-Old Egyptian Man Found In A Tomb — And The DNA Test That Revealed His Unexpected Ancestry
It is a genuine scientific limitation with real implications for interpretation.
Populations are not genetically uniform.
Even within a relatively small geographic area and time period, individual genomes vary significantly around a population average.
The specific proportion of Fertile Crescent ancestry in NUE001’s genome — approximately 20 percent — might be typical for Middle Egypt during the Old Kingdom, or it might be higher or lower than average.
It might vary across Upper and Lower Egypt, or across different social classes, or across the different centuries included in the Old Kingdom’s span.
Without multiple ancient genomes from multiple sites and periods, these questions cannot be addressed.