Naqada III pottery styles are the direct ancestors of Early Dynastic Egyptian ceramics.

Naqada III administrative practices, including the use of cylinder seals and numerical notation, prefigure the administrative systems of the pharaonic state.

The elite burials of Naqada III, at sites like Hierakonpolis and Abydos, show many of the features that would characterize royal Egyptian burial throughout the Dynastic period.

The genetic character of these pre-Dynastic populations is only beginning to be understood.

The limited ancient DNA work that has been done on pre-Dynastic Egyptian individuals suggests a population that was primarily North African in its ancestry, with Near Eastern-related contributions from the Neolithic spread of farming.