The sequence of events that forensic analysis suggested was: Ötzi had been in a fight or struggle relatively recently before his death — not immediately, since the hand wounds showed some degree of healing.

Then, at some point after that fight, he had been shot from behind with an arrow while he was apparently at rest, perhaps eating his meal, perhaps resting after a climb.

The shooter came from below and behind. Ötzi never saw the shot coming.

He died in the Alpine hollow where he lay, and the glacier took him.

Who shot Ötzi?

That question cannot be answered.