They cultivated emmer wheat and einkorn, primitive relatives of modern wheat.

They kept cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs.

They lived in permanent settlements in valley bottoms, farming the relatively small areas of flat agricultural land that the mountain terrain offered.

The mountains themselves were used seasonally — for summer grazing of livestock on the high alpine pastures (a practice called transhumance that continues in the Alps to this day), for hunting, for gathering plant resources, and for trade.

Trade was significant.