In Africa, ancient DNA has begun to illuminate the deep population history of the continent where all modern humans originated.

In the Americas, ancient DNA research has been growing but remains uneven in its geographic coverage.

North America has the most extensive ancient genomic dataset, with hundreds of ancient individuals analyzed from sites ranging from Alaska to Florida.

South America has seen significant progress, with important studies from Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Brazil documenting the population history of the Andes, the southern cone, and Amazonia.

But major regions remain almost entirely unsampled.