What traditional archaeology could not have revealed with confidence:

The biological sex of the individuals.

As noted above, skeletal sex estimation in young children is unreliable.

Without genomic analysis, the sex of the 64 analyzed children would have remained uncertain or would have been subject to potentially incorrect assignment based on unreliable skeletal markers.

The biological relationships among the individuals.

Osteological analysis can sometimes identify shared skeletal features that suggest biological relatedness — shared trait frequencies, unusual anatomical variants that appear in multiple individuals — but this is an inexact and indirect approach that cannot produce the quantitative relatedness coefficients that genomic analysis provides.

The identification of 11 close-relative pairs, including two pairs of identical twins, was simply not possible without ancient DNA.