The stone tools made from materials obtained at a distance reflect it.

The patterns of diet and mobility encoded in their isotope records reflect it.

Understanding what these populations were doing in Texas during the early Holocene helps fill in a crucial piece of the North American picture.

Between the well-documented Paleoindian record of megafauna hunters on the Great Plains and in the eastern woodlands, and the increasingly complex societies of the later Archaic and Woodland periods, the early Archaic represents a transitional phase that is poorly sampled and poorly understood across much of the continent.

Buckeye Knoll and Bering Sinkhole are among the best-documented examples of this transitional phase anywhere in North America.