Neither is simply wrong.

The tension between them is genuine and does not resolve neatly.

What the Texas cases — and particularly the Buckeye Knoll controversy — illustrate is that the tension becomes most acute precisely at the point where the scientific value is highest: with the oldest, rarest, and most scientifically informative remains.

The older the individual, the more significant they are for understanding the deep history of the Americas.

But also the older the individual, the more tenuous the connection to any specific contemporary tribe, and the harder the cultural affiliation determination becomes.