This two-millennia gap in the cave’s human history is itself an archaeological fact worth noting.

The dry upper passages of Mammoth Cave were left alone for roughly two thousand years, which is one of the reasons the ancient evidence survived so perfectly.

No later visitors disturbed the torch fragments on the cave floor, the footprints in the soft sediment, the gourd bowls positioned near mining walls, the abandoned sandals.

The cave became a perfect archive of what had happened inside it, and then was sealed by time.

The re-entry into the cave in the late eighteenth century was under dramatically different circumstances.