There is truth to this — the Army’s most effective campaigns against the Apache resisters were those conducted with Apache scout support, while campaigns without such support often failed to make contact with the bands they were pursuing.

For the Apache people, the use of Apache scouts against Apache resisters created a deep and painful division within the community.

Men who served as scouts were choosing, in some sense, to collaborate with the force that was destroying their people’s way of life.

Their motivations were complex — some were pursuing specific enemies or redressing specific grievances within the Apache community; some were seeking to protect their own families by demonstrating cooperation; some were following leaders who had made strategic decisions that required accommodation with American power.

For Lozen and the warriors who remained with the resistance, the Apache scouts represented a specific danger: people who knew their tactics, their terrain, their habits.