She was not fighting against a government that had offered fair terms and been refused.

She was fighting against a government that had consistently failed to offer fair terms and had then been surprised when its failures produced resistance.

The Spiritual Landscape of Lozen’s World

The Apache spiritual world was not separate from the material world.

It was continuous with it — the powers that governed wind and rain and the movement of animals were the same powers that could grant a warrior specific gifts, that could make a person immune to certain dangers, that could give someone the ability to detect the position of enemies through a specific ceremony.

The central spiritual figure in the Chiricahua Apache tradition was Ussen — the life-giver, the supreme being, the source of the powers that governed the world.