It was also the loss of the specific knowledge, capability, and cultural sophistication that those people embodied.

When Lozen died in Fort Marion in 1889, she took with her a lifetime of accumulated knowledge — of the terrain, of the strategies and tactics of survival and resistance, of the specific skills that had allowed her people to fight for so long against such overwhelming odds.

That knowledge could not be replaced by the reservation period that followed.

The specific conditions under which it had been developed — the complete and deep familiarity with a specific landscape, the sustained practice of the specific skills required to survive and fight in that landscape — were impossible to recreate in the conditions of captivity and confinement.

The loss of Lozen was a loss for her people in concrete, practical terms, beyond the personal grief.