Whether or not he said exactly those words, the sentiment was consistent with his approach to the plains campaign.

He was not trying to distinguish between friendly and hostile Indians.

He was trying to break the capacity for plains Indian life in general.

This philosophy produced the winter campaign.

The winter campaign produced the Washita.

The Washita killed Black Kettle.

The Photographers and the Paper Trail

The visual record of Black Kettle’s world is fragmentary but not absent.