What he was attempting — establishing military outposts in country where the dominant military force was actively opposed to his presence — required either sufficient strength to deter attack or sufficient strength to survive the attacks that would come.

He had neither.

Building Forts in Contested Country

Fort Reno was already in existence when Carrington arrived — it had been established the previous year — but it was a modest post that needed expansion.

Fort Phil Kearny, which would become Carrington’s headquarters and the largest of the three posts, was established in July 1866 in the Piney Creek valley at the base of the Big Horn Mountains.

Fort C.F.