Congress was shocked.

Newspapers carried the story under headlines that conveyed the magnitude of the disaster.

The first question being asked in Washington was what had gone wrong.

The second question — the one that would eventually reshape U.S. policy — was what to do now.

What the Fetterman Fight Revealed

The destruction of Fetterman’s command was not the cause of the ultimate American retreat from the Powder River Country.

It was a demonstration of a problem that the retreat would eventually acknowledge.