The harpoon head was the critical component.

It had to penetrate the whale’s skin and blubber and then toggle under the flesh, so that the pulling force of the attached line and floats could not pull the head back out.

The toggling mechanism required precise engineering in bone or antler, the attachment of stone or shell cutting blades, and the attachment of the line at exactly the right point to produce the toggle motion.

Harpoon heads from Ozette are among the most detailed examples of pre-contact Makah whaling technology ever recovered.