Shellfish, sea urchins, and other intertidal species were accessible year-round but were particularly important as supplements and alternatives when fish were less abundant.

Plants of various kinds provided materials for baskets, mats, and other woven goods.

The preparation for winter involved not just food storage but the maintenance of equipment, the repair of canoes and gear, and the social and ceremonial activities that marked the transition of the season.

Winter brought reduced access to offshore marine resources but not cessation of activity.

Coastal waters could be productive in calm weather, and the stored food from the autumn harvest provided the primary sustenance.

Winter was also the season of the most elaborate ceremonial activities.