The Nez Perce Chief Who Refused To Surrender 40 Miles From Canada — Then Slipped Past The Army And Escaped
Others participated out of genuine alignment with reservation policies.
The two men who came into the Bear Paw camp on October 5 — Captain John and Old George — were treaty-band nimíipuu.
They had followed Howard’s column.
When they entered the camp and delivered the army’s assurances, they were speaking to their own people in their own language, trying to end a conflict that they had not chosen.
Their role has sometimes been portrayed as betrayal in simplified accounts.
The more accurate picture is of people making their own difficult calculations in a situation that offered no good options for anyone who was nimíipuu.
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