The Nez Perce Chief Who Refused To Surrender 40 Miles From Canada — Then Slipped Past The Army And Escaped
People drifted.
The refugees were not a single organized community; they were the remnant of multiple bands, brought together by crisis, and the social and political structures that had organized nimíipuu life before 1877 were disrupted or destroyed.
Some people could not survive the exile.
Some died from illness and deprivation in Canada in the months after the escape.
Others — beginning in 1878, as the immediate danger of American military pursuit receded — began to drift back south across the Medicine Line, trying to return to the Lapwai Reservation or to family members who had surrendered at Bear Paw.
Small parties crossed the border quietly, hoping to slip into the reservation without attracting attention.