Forty miles on foot, in cold October weather, without adequate food, after five days of siege and months of flight and four months of war — this was not a short walk.

It was an act of will against conditions that had already broken expeditions of professional soldiers.

The nimíipuu who made it — whether with White Bird on the night of October 4-5 or in subsequent days and weeks — made it because they had been making impossible moves for four months.

They knew how to travel in hard conditions.

They knew the terrain well enough to navigate.

They knew that the border meant something specific and that reaching it was achievable.