It was sudden, widespread, and catastrophic.

And in the Egyptian records of the period, as well as in the archaeological record of burned cities, the Sea Peoples are prominently present.

The Egyptian Records And What They Say

The primary Egyptian sources for the Sea Peoples are concentrated in two reign periods: Merneptah (1213-1203 BCE) and Ramesses III (1186-1155 BCE).

The Merneptah Stele, found at Thebes and dating to approximately 1208 BCE, describes a major battle in which Egypt repulsed an invasion from Libya, with the Libyan king supported by allies from the sea.

The allies are listed as the Ekwesh, Teresh, Lukka, Shekelesh, and Shardana — a list that recurs in later texts with variations.