The Denyen appear in Egyptian records in association with the Sea Peoples confederation of Ramesses III’s era.

Their proposed identification with the Danaoi (one of Homer’s terms for the Greeks) is intriguing but unconfirmed.

There is also a possible connection to a “tribe of Dan” from the Hebrew Bible, though this is highly speculative.

Some researchers have proposed that the Denyen were associated with Adana and the broader Cilician coast of southern Anatolia — a region that was part of the Luwian cultural sphere.

The Shekelesh appear as allies of the Libyan invasion in the Merneptah Stele and again in the Ramesses III records.