Some members of other Haudenosaunee nations were associated with Confederate forces or maintained neutral positions.

In Indian Territory — the region of present-day Oklahoma to which the Five Civilized Tribes had been removed in the 1830s — the war produced genuine civil conflicts within tribal nations.

The Cherokee Nation, which had significant populations of enslaved people held by wealthy Cherokee slaveholders, divided roughly along lines that paralleled the broader sectional conflict.

Cherokee fighting on both sides participated in some of the most intense guerrilla warfare of the entire conflict.

The Catawba of South Carolina, reduced to a tiny community by the nineteenth century, nevertheless provided men who served in Confederate forces.