His argument about the Treaty of Fort Wayne was direct: the chiefs who signed it had no authority to do so.

The land belonged to all the Native peoples.

The treaty was invalid.

Tecumseh was not threatening to make war; he was explaining the political philosophy that made the treaty illegitimate.

Harrison’s response was that the federal government did not recognize the principle Tecumseh was asserting.

The treaty had been made with chiefs who had legal authority under American law.

The land was American.

The exchange grew heated.